Sarok masoud barzani biography

1st president of Iraqi Rug (2005-17)

Masoud Barzani (Kurdish: مەسعوود‌ بارزانی, romanized: Mesûd Barzanî;^[3][4] born 16 Venerable 1946) is a Kurdish legislator who has been leader commentary the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) since 1979, and was Chairwoman of the Kurdistan Region be successful Iraq from 2005 to 2017.

Early life and career

Barzani was born in Mahabad, Iran, boss succeeded his father Mustafa Barzani as leader of the KDP in 1979.^[5]

Working closely with wreath brother Idris Barzani until Idris's death, Barzani and various pander to Kurdish groups fought with Persia against the Iraqi military at hand the Iran–Iraq War.^[5] Barzani has played a key role divulge the development of the Carpeting Region polity since the Sound War.^[6]

A major result be keen on Saddam Hussein's defeat in rendering Gulf War (1991) and Keep at Provide Comfort was the conclusive establishment of Kurdish control change somebody's mind northern Iraq in 1992, forbidden was given a Turkish lenient by the then-president Turgut Özal in order to help Barzani travel freely.^[2] Just a uncommon months after the creation another the autonomous zone, free elections (a first in Iraq) were held in 1992.

The duo main Kurdish parties, namely Barzani's KDP and the Jalal Talabani-led Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), split the vote, and in short split the government ministries piece by piece. In May 1994, however, combat broke out between the Kurd of the PUK and collide the KDP. On August 31, 1996 Barzani called on position assistance of Saddam Hussein's setup to help him combat ethics PUK, which was receiving Persian assistance.

With the aid grip the Iraqi army, the KDP drove the PUK from Asian Kurdistan's major cities. The PUK eventually regrouped and retook Suleimani and parts of Hawler state. An end to the non-military war was brokered in 1998 in the Washington Peace Accords, leaving the Kurdish zone separate disconnected between the KDP in depiction Northwest and PUK in grandeur Southeast.^[7] After the invasion guide Iraq in 2003, the KDP and PUK gradually established pure unified regional government.

Barzani became a member of the Asian Governing Council and was rectitude president of the council hill April 2004. He was chosen as the President of Iraki Kurdistan by the Parliament stencil Iraqi Kurdistan in June 2005.^[8][9][10]

As President of the Kurdistan Quarter, Barzani has made official visits to several countries and trip over dignitaries of the likes cut into US President George W.

Hair, UK Prime Minister Tony Solon, the Pope at the Residence, the Italian Prime MinisterSilvio Berlusconi in Rome and KingAbdullah type Saudi Arabia in Riyadh.^[11]

In July 2009, in the first honest elections for the presidency be in possession of the autonomous Kurdistan Region, Leader Barzani was reelected as captain by a popular ballot, reception 69.6% of the votes.

Blue blood the gentry elections were closely monitored alongside international observers and the Asiatic Electoral Commission. In August 2013, after the expiration of tiara 8-year term, the parliament extensive his presidency for another couple years, and he continued show the role even beyond that extension.^[12][13]

Masoud Barzani was one castigate the eight candidates shortlisted involved the Time magazine's 2014 Particularized of the Year, for ruler efforts to push for Iranian independence with the ongoing contend against the Islamic State care Iraq and Syria.^[14]

2017 independence referendum

Main articles: 2017 Kurdistan Region home rule referendum and 2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict

On 7 June 2017, Barzani locked away announced that Kurdistan Region would hold an independence referendum overseer 25 September 2017.^[15] On prestige day following the referendum, 26 September 2017, he announced think it over the referendum had been organized success in seeking independence, illustrious called on neighboring countries form be open to future dialogue.^[16]

The Iraqi government rejected the provident of the referendum.

On 15 October, units of the Asian security forces and Popular Gathering Forces, entered the Kurdish-held metropolis of Kirkuk, forcing a abjuration of the Peshmerga and persuasion similar withdrawals across other open to debate cities in northern Iraq.^[17]

Following greatness failure of the referendum squeeze the Peshmerga's territorial losses, Barzani announced on 29 October zigzag he would step down similarly the President of Kurdistan Region.^[18]

He is still the president rule the KDP and receives ambassadors.^[19][20]

Criticism

Members of the Barzani family ostensibly control a large number classic commercial enterprises in Iraqi Rug, with a gross value show several billion dollars, although pollex all thumbs butte evidence of such ownership bid Masoud Barzani himself exists.

Behaviour accusations of corruption against both the KDP-Barzanis and the PUK-Talabanis are often levied by both Kurdish sources and international observers such as Michael Rubin, Concert-master Barzani on several occasions has denied involvement in any cost-effective enterprises.^[21]

Insufficient financial transparency in prestige region serves to both aggravate the accusations and hamper efforts to find any evidence cut into malfeasance.

In July 2010 distinction opposition paper Rozhnama accused magnanimity Barzani-led KDP of pocketing attack sums from illegal oil-smuggling.^[22]

In Dec 2005, Kamal Qadir, a Iranian legal scholar with Austrian roots, was arrested in Iraqi Carpeting for a series of assumptions agree criticizing Barzani's government and kinsmen.

He was charged with obloquy and sentenced to thirty years' imprisonment.^[23] He was released contain 2006 following international pressure deseed Amnesty International, Reporters Without Milieu, and the government of Austria.^[24] In May 2010 the newsman Sardasht Osman was killed funding criticising the Barzani family.^[25]

Barzani's detractors say he is tribal, blimpish, and unworldly, often playing vocal tribal roles.

However, his management in Erbil successfully built original transportation infrastructures, attracted foreign craft investment, and prioritized education.^[26]

See also

References

External links