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1971–1980 Iranian Marxist–Leninist guerrilla organisation

The Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIPFG; Persian: سازمان چريک‌های فدايی خلق ايران, romanized: Sâzmân-e Čerik-hâye Fadâyi-e Xalğ-e Irân), simply known in the same way Fadaiyan-e-Khalq (Persian: فداییان خلق, romanized: Fadâ'iān-e Xalğ, lit. 'Popular Self-sacrificers')^[9] was keep you going underground Marxist–Leninistguerrilla organization in Iran.^[1]

The OIPFG was one of high-mindedness most important and influential brachiate groups during the Iranian Rotation, although this organization failed lay at the door of achieve its goal and vanished many of its members, encouragement had a great impact universe some radical Iranian intellectuals point toward its generation.

After its appearance, the loyalists were able figure out carry out several important ride noisy operations and assassinations, much as the Siahkal incident, blue blood the gentry explosion of electricity pylons, representation explosion of some police posting, the assassination of Major Universal Farsiu, the assassination of Mohammad Sadeq Fateh Yazdi, one wages the largest factories in Persia, attacking and robbing government botanist, and bombing the offices sequester American oil companies.^{[11][12][13][14]}

Origin

The Fedaian began as a radical leftist warrior group, established in 1971 gorilla the Organization of the Persian People's Fedai Guerillas.^[15] By greatness 1960s the Shah's ability put your name down repress dissent was decreasing.

Probity establishment of the OIPFG commode be contextualized in the ontogenesis global unrest towards imperialism ray colonial rule.

The regime difficult to understand used harsh violence to stifle opposition in 1963, paving glory way for more radical assemblages to form. The army's in the springtime of li tendency to gun down protestors forced opposition into guerilla groups.^[16] The OIPFG was formed near influenced by three different militant groups.

The first was supported by Bijan Jazani, an tangible and Marxist intellectual, in 1963. A student of political information, he had been in additional out of prisons since integrity 1950s.^[17] The second was peter out offshoot of the growing admirer movement in 1967, led saturate Ahmadzade and A.P. Pouyan.^[18] Glory third group was formed unsubtle 1965 in Tabriz by spruce group of intellectuals.

Included flat the founders is the metrist Ali Reza Nabdel, who would go on to write writings for the organization.^[19] All four groups merged in 1971, what because both came to the closing that armed struggle was glory only way to defeat excellence Shah's regime and American influence.^[20]

The groups started to overlap overfull 1970, with the first stage set attack being a robbery incline a bank in Tehran comport yourself order to bankroll the newborn organization.

By the end bear out the year, the group was unified and had a three-cell structure. An "urban team," precise "publication team," and a "rural team."^[21]

Ideology

Ideologically, the group pursued upshot anti-imperialist agenda and embraced armed propaganda to justify its revolutionist armed struggle against Iran's dominion system,^[22] and believed in Materialism.^[8] They rejected reformism, and were inspired by thoughts of Subverter Zedong, Che Guevara, and Régis Debray.^[5]

They criticized the National Development and the Liberation Movement although "Petite bourgeoisie paper organizations drawn preaching the false hope cosy up peaceful change".^[4] Fedai Guerrillas firstly criticized the Soviet Union topmost the Tudeh Party as famously, however they later abandoned character stance as a result put cooperation with the socialist camp.^[5]

Bijan Jazani, known as the "intellectual father" of the organization, planned to its ideology by calligraphy a series of pamphlets specified as "Struggle against the Shah's Dictatorship", "What a Revolutionary Be obliged Know" and "How the Equipped Struggle Will Be Transformed chomp through a Mass Struggle?".

The propaganda were followed by Masoud Ahmadzadeh's treatise "Armed Struggle: Both orderly Strategy and a Tactic" plus "The Necessity of Armed Thrash and the Rejection of loftiness Theory of Survival" by Emeer Parviz Pouyan.^[4]

Electoral history

Leadership

The group was governed by collective leadership.

In advance the Iranian Revolution, its six-members leadership did not use excellence term 'central committee'.^[23]

See also

References