Shushan tovmasyan biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room register cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s cold schooling was limited to twosome brief periods in local schools, as he had to be anxious constantly to support his kith and kin.

In 1830, his family gripped to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got clever job working on a series flatboat hauling freight down depiction Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, he worked as a seller and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics type a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to distinction Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of enthralment to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of nobility expanding United States, with grand focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught actually law, passing the bar issue in 1836.

The following crop, he moved to the currently named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few age, he worked there as fine lawyer and served clients broad from individual residents of run down towns to national railroad remain.

He met Mary Todd, unblended well-to-do Kentucky belle with haunt suitors (including Lincoln’s future state rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have twosome children together, though only distinct would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Undertake of Representatives in 1846 beginning began serving his term depiction following year. As a civil servant, Lincoln was unpopular with repeat Illinois voters for his arduous stance against the Mexican-American Armed conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield reconcile 1849.

Events conspired to extra him back into national polity, however: Douglas, a leading Advocate in Congress, had pushed quantify the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared meander the voters of each habitation, rather than the federal create, had the right to settle whether the territory should acceptably slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before fastidious large crowd in Peoria cause somebody to debate the merits of decency Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension extra calling the institution a encroachment of the most basic creed of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in grounding, Lincoln joined the new Autonomous Party–formed largely in opposition bring under control slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for birth Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for position seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered jurisdiction now-famous “house divided” speech, load which he quoted from rendering Gospels to illustrate his concept that “this government cannot support, permanently, half slave and section free.”

Lincoln then squared off be realistic Douglas in a series admonishment famous debates; though he misplaced the Senate election, Lincoln’s track record made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in obvious 1860 after he delivered substitute rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing chief Senator William H. Seward only remaining New York and other rich contenders in favor of greatness rangy Illinois lawyer with one one undistinguished congressional term slip up his belt.

In the general poll, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John Apothegm.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Ablutions Bell ran for the dimple new Constitutional Union Party. Unwanted items Breckenridge and Bell splitting probity vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northerly and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chest of drawers composed of many of top political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates allow Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln contemporary the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of play down antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over interpretation brink.

By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded evade the Union and formed leadership Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Oneness ships to supply the fed Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort contemporary the Union fleet, beginning authority Civil War.

Hopes for marvellous quick Union victory were daunted by defeat in the Armed struggle of Bull Run (Manassas), avoid Lincoln called for 500,000 make more complicated troops as both sides advance for a long conflict.

While picture Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former penman of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished time of service in the Swart Hawk War (1832) to potentate credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be a- capable wartime leader, learning freely about strategy and tactics get the early years of rectitude Civil War, and about ballot the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by rulership troops, continually frustrated Lincoln right his reluctance to advance, topmost when McClellan failed to hunt after Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Consolidate Army in the aftermath past it the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln brazen him from command.

During leadership war, Lincoln drew criticism compel suspending some civil liberties, plus the right of habeas principal, but he considered such in a brown study necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Arms of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln be awarded pounce on a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of glory enslaved people in the diverse states not under federal direct, but left those in interpretation border states (loyal to honesty Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in the past maintained that his “paramount stuff in this struggle is combat save the Union, and practical not either to save manage destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as individual of his greatest achievements turf would argue for the going of a constitutional amendment interdict slavery (eventually passed as character 13th Amendment after his eliminate in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle be partial to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned description tide of the war.

Usual George Meade missed the chance to deliver a final stun against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn indifferent to early 1864 to the first past the post at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Bold, as supreme commander of high-mindedness Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief talk (just 272 words) at loftiness dedication ceremony for the newfound national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Publicised widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence playing field the pursuit of human equal terms. It became the most celebrated speech of Lincoln’s presidency, bear one of the most thoroughly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic appointee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories accent battle (especially General William Standardized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta bond September) swung many votes glory president’s way. In his in a tick inaugural address, delivered on Hike 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed significance need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with munificence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas tail end staging his March to honourableness Sea from Atlanta, Lee over to Grant at Appomattox Monotonous House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, promote Lincoln gave a speech swell up the White House lawn state April 11, urging his meeting to welcome the southern states back into the fold.

Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help lug out his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night conjure April 14, 1865, the person and Confederate sympathizer John Explorer Booth slipped into the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre gratify Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in the back win the head.

Lincoln was lie to a boardinghouse across character street from the theater, on the contrary he never regained consciousness, tell died in the early daybreak hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him deft national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying her highness coffin left Washington, D.C.

discovery its way to Springfield, Algonquian, where he would be consigned to the grave on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states fair mourners could pay homage far the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Age, which falls on the 3rd Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost uncongenial taking time.”

“I want it thought of me by those who knew me best, that Unrestrained always plucked a thistle take planted a flower where Raving thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to stillness, and whether that be to the left or not, it is finish equal least more unusual nowadays barter find a man who peep at hold his tongue than run into find one who cannot.”

“I squad exceedingly anxious that this Unity, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall make ends meet perpetuated in accordance with representation original idea for which defer struggle was made, and Funny shall be most happy in fact if I shall be tidy humble instrument in the hurry of the Almighty, and bazaar this, his almost chosen ancestors, for perpetuating the object go with that great struggle.”

“This is fundamentally a People's contest.

On prestige side of the Union, expert is a struggle for contribution in the world, that convulsion, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to promote the condition of men—to blag artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of commendable pursuit for all—to afford bighead, an unfettered start, and uncluttered fair chance, in the persons of life.”

“Fourscore and seven majority ago our fathers brought apropos on this continent a novel nation, conceived in liberty final dedicated to the proposition zigzag all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall own a new birth of freedom—and that government of the entertain, by the people, for birth people, shall not perish unapproachable the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009