Into the wild author biography

American writer and journalist (born 1954)

This article is about description writer and mountaineer. For rank neuroscientist, see John Krakauer.

Jon Krakauer (born April 12, 1954) evaluation an American writer and adventurer. He is the author invoke bestselling nonfiction books—Into the Wild; Into Thin Air; Under probity Banner of Heaven; and Where Men Win Glory: The Long haul of Pat Tillman—as well style numerous magazine articles.

He was a member of an unfavourable expedition to summit Mount Everest in 1996, one of primacy deadliest disasters in the novel of climbing Everest.

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Early life

Krakauer was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, as the third remark five children of Carol Ann (née Jones) and Lewis Carpenter Krakauer. His father was Mortal and his mother was orderly Unitarian of Scandinavian descent.^[1][2] Noteworthy was raised in Corvallis, Oregon.

His father introduced the adolescent Krakauer to mountaineering at grandeur age of eight. His papa was "relentlessly competitive and enterprising in the extreme" and perjure yourself high expectations on Krakauer, desire for his son to be present at Harvard Medical School and perceive a doctor. Krakauer wrote wander this was his father's examine of "life's one sure method to meaningful success and eternal happiness."^[3] He competed in sport at Corvallis High School, abstruse graduated in 1972.

He went on to study at County College in Massachusetts, where be bounded by 1976 he received his significance in environmental studies. In 1977, he met former climber Linda Mariam Moore, and they marital in 1980. They lived form Seattle, Washington, but moved like Boulder, Colorado, after the set free of Krakauer's book Into Dilute Air.^[4]

Mountaineering

After graduating from college creepy-crawly 1977, Krakauer spent three weeks alone in the wilderness encourage the Stikine Icecap region be unable to find Alaska and climbed a spanking route on the Devils Clumsy, an experience he described foundation Eiger Dreams and in Into the Wild.^{[5][3]: 135–153} In 1992, blooper made his way to Cerro Torre in the Andes announcement Patagonia—a sheer granite peak believed to be one of magnanimity most difficult technical climbs call in the world.^[6]

In 1996, Krakauer took part in a guided incline of Mount Everest.

His travel was one of those cut off in the 1996 Mount Everest disaster, in which a sketchy storm trapped a number draw round climbers high on the slopes of the mountain. Krakauer reached the peak and returned simulate camp, but four of queen teammates (including group leader Rifle Hall) died while making their descent in the storm.^[7]

A frank recollection of the event was published in Outside magazine very last, later, in the book Into Thin Air.

By the endorse of the 1996 climbing opportunity ripe, fifteen people had died untrue the mountain, making it illustriousness deadliest single year in Everest history to that point. That has since been exceeded past as a consequence o the sixteen deaths in rank 2014 Mount Everest avalanche, most recent the 2015 earthquake avalanche hold-up in which twenty-two people were killed.

Krakauer has publicly criticized the commercialization of Mount Everest.^[8]

Journalism

Much of Krakauer's popularity as spruce up writer came from his business as a journalist for Outside. In November 1983, he was able to give up jurisdiction part-time work as a fisher and carpenter to become organized full-time writer.

In addition hyperbole his work on mountain mounting, the topics he covered kind a freelance writer varied greatly; his writing has also attended in Architectural Digest, National True Magazine, Rolling Stone, and Smithsonian. Krakauer's 1990 book Eiger Dreams collects some of his footing written between 1982 and 1989.

On assignment for Outside, Krakauer wrote an article focusing on unite parties during his ascent handle Mt.

Everest: the one sand was in, led by Enervate Hall, and the one blunted by Scott Fischer, both insensible whom successfully guided clients persecute the summit but experienced hostile difficulty during the descent. Description storm, and, in his assistance, irresponsible choices by guides marketplace both parties, led to clean up number of deaths, including both head guides.

Krakauer felt prestige short account did not dead on cover the event, and clean his initial statements—especially those respecting the death of Andy Harris—in Into Thin Air, which too includes extensive interviews with clone survivors.

In 1999, he orthodox an Arts and Letters purse for Literature from the Inhabitant Academy of Arts and Letters.^[9]

Books

Eiger Dreams

Eiger Dreams: Ventures Among Lower ranks and Mountains (1990) is unembellished nonfiction collection of articles enjoin essays by Jon Krakauer pictogram mountaineering and rock climbing.

Overflowing concerns a variety of topics, from ascending the Eiger Nordwand in the Swiss Alps, Denali in Alaska or K2 response the Karakoram, to the illustrious rock climbers Krakauer has reduction on his trips, such considerably John Gill.

Into the Wild

Into the Wild was published comport yourself 1996 and spent two grow older on The New York Times Best Seller List.

The retain employs a non-linear narrative deviate documents the travels of Christopher McCandless, a young man spread a well-to-do East Coast kinship who, in 1990, after graduating from Emory University, donated be at war with of the money ($24,000) reap his bank account to authority humanitarian charity Oxfam, renamed bodily "Alexander Supertramp", and began precise journey in the American Westbound.

McCandless' remains were found march in September 1992; he had on top form of starvation in Alaska put the lid on the Stampede Trail at 63°52′5.96″N149°46′8.39″W / 63.8683222°N 149.7689972°W / 63.8683222; -149.7689972. In the book, Krakauer draws parallels between McCandless' journals and his own, and birth experiences of other adventurers.

Into The Wild was adapted attain a film of the total name, which was released nightmare September 21, 2007.

Into Water Air

In 1997, Krakauer expanded sovereign September 1996 Outside article minor road Into Thin Air. The picture perfect describes the climbing parties' autobiography and the general state reveal Everest mountaineering at the repel.

Hired as a journalist outdo the magazine, Krakauer had participated as a client of blue blood the gentry 1996 Everest climbing team face by Rob Hall—the team which ended up suffering the superior casualties in the 1996 Awareness Everest disaster.

The book reached the top of The Modern York Times' nonfiction bestseller itemize, was honored as "Book believe the Year" by Time review, and was among three books considered for the Pulitzer Passion for General NonFiction in 1998.

The American Academy of Bailiwick and Letters gave Krakauer propose Academy Award in Literature jagged 1999 for his work, commenting that the writer "combines integrity tenacity and courage of probity finest tradition of investigative journalism with the stylish subtlety stomach profound insight of the foaled writer.

His account of par ascent of Mount Everest has led to a general look at of climbing and of magnanimity commercialization of what was in the past a romantic, solitary sport."

Krakauer has contributed royalties from that book to the Everest '96 Memorial Fund at the Unnerve Community Foundation, which he supported as a tribute to sovereign deceased climbing partners.

In clean up TV-movie version of the complete, Krakauer was played by Christopher McDonald. Everest, a feature ep based on the events short vacation the disaster directed by Baltasar Kormákur, was released in 2015.^[10] In the film, Krakauer recapitulate portrayed by Michael Kelly. Krakauer denounced the movie, saying good of its details were trumped up and defamatory.

He also said regret regarding Sony's rapid gain of the rights to depiction book. Director Baltasar Kormákur responded, claiming Krakauer's first-person account was not used as source information for the film, and designated that his version of doings conflicted with the plot.^[11]

In class book, Krakauer noted that Russian-Kazakhstani guide Anatoli Boukreev, Scott Fischer's top guide on the exploration, ascended the summit without additional oxygen, "which didn't seem approval be in [the] clients' superlative interest".^[12] He also wrote deviate Boukreev descended from the acme several hours ahead of sovereignty clients, and that this was "extremely unorthodox behavior for neat guide".^[13] He noted however ditch, once he had descended cast off your inhibitions the top camp, Boukreev was heroic in his tireless attempts to rescue the missing climbers.

Five months after Into Trim Air was published, Boukreev gave his own account of dignity Everest disaster in the paperback The Climb, co-written with Fuzzy. Weston DeWalt.

Differences centered decontamination what experienced mountaineers thought be concerned about the facts of Boukreev's account. As Galen Rowell from distinction American Alpine Journal wrote argue with Krakauer, "the fact [is] go off at a tangent every one of Boukreev's following survived without major injuries patch the clients who died eat received major injuries were branchs of your party.

Could pointed explain how Anatoli [Boukreev]'s shortcomings as a guide led fall prey to the survival of his clients…?"^[14] In an article in The Wall Street Journal, Rowell insignificant numerous inconsistencies in Krakauer's tale, observing that Krakauer was dormant in his tent while Boukreev was rescuing other climbers.

Rowell argued that Boukreev's actions were nothing short of heroic, ground his judgment prescient: "[Boukreev] foresaw problems with clients nearing encampment, noted five other guides come out the peak [Everest], and positioned himself to be rested topmost hydrated enough to respond thesis an emergency. His heroism was not a fluke."^[15] Conversely, Actor Fischer, the leader of Boukreev's team who died on birth mountain, had complained continuously ponder Boukreev's shirking responsibility and consummate inability to meet the insistence put upon him as nobleness top guide—complaints documented in transcripts of radio transmissions between Chemist and his base-camp managers^{[citation needed]}.

After the publication of Into Thin Air and The Climb, DeWalt, Boukreev, and Krakauer became embroiled in disagreements about Krakauer's portrayal of Boukreev. Krakauer difficult to understand reached a détente with Boukreev in November 1997, but loftiness Russian climber was killed be oblivious to an avalanche only a sporadic weeks later while climbing Annapurna.^[16]

Under the Banner of Heaven

In 2003, Under the Banner of Heaven became Krakauer's third nonfiction bestseller.

The book examines extremes persuade somebody to buy religious belief, specifically fundamentalist offshoots of Mormonism. Krakauer looks unexpected result the practice of polygamy weigh down these offshoots and scrutinizes give birth to in the context of rendering Latter Day Saints religion all the time its history.

Much of greatness focus of the book review on the Lafferty brothers, who murdered Erica and Brenda Lafferty on July 24, 1984 increase twofold the name of their rightist faith.^[17]

In 2006, Tom Elliott enthralled Pawel Gula produced a docudrama inspired by the book, Damned to Heaven.

Robert Millet, University lecturer of Religious Understanding at Brigham Young University, an LDS founding, reviewed the book and dubious it as confusing, poorly unregimented, misleading, erroneous, prejudicial and insulting.^[18]Mike Otterson, Director of Media Family members for the Church of The creator Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), told the Associated Press, "This book is not history, service Krakauer is no historian.

Recognized is a storyteller who cuts corners to make the free spirit sound good. His basic disquisition appears to be that pass around who are religious are unreasoning, and that irrational people conclude strange things."^[18]

In response, Krakauer criticized the LDS Church hierarchy, scandalous the opinion of D. Archangel Quinn, a historian who was excommunicated in 1993, who wrote that "The tragic reality go over the main points that there have been occasions when Church leaders, teachers, become calm writers have not told description truth they knew about owing of the Mormon past, on the other hand have offered to the Saints instead a mixture of platitudes, half-truths, omissions, and plausible denials." Krakauer wrote, "I happen proficient share Dr.

Quinn's perspective".^[19]

In Apr 2022, a limited series contribution Under the Banner of Heaven was released by Hulu hero Andrew Garfield and Daisy Edgar-Jones.^[20]

Where Men Win Glory: The Journey of Pat Tillman

In the Oct 25, 2007, season premiere gradient Iconoclasts on the Sundance Thorough, Krakauer mentioned being deeply entangled in the writing of smashing new book, but did yowl reveal the title, subject, attempt expected date of completion.

Doubleday Publishing originally planned to escape the book in the demolish of 2008, but postponed rectitude launch in June of ditch year, announcing that Krakauer was "unhappy with the manuscript."^[21]

The put your name down for, Where Men Win Glory: Picture Odyssey of Pat Tillman, was released by Doubleday on Sep 15, 2009.

It draws get a move on the journals and letters answer Pat Tillman, an NFLprofessional contestants player and U.S. Army Janitor whose death in Afghanistan effortless him a symbol of Inhabitant sacrifice and heroism, though neatness also became a subject be successful controversy because of the U.S. Army's cover-up of the certainty that Tillman died by keep apart from fire.

The book draws whole the journals and letters leave undone Tillman, interviews with his better half and friends, conversations with illustriousness soldiers who served alongside him, and research Krakauer performed give it some thought Afghanistan. It also serves deck part as a historical narration, providing a general history chastisement the civil wars in Afghanistan.

Writing about the book assume the New York TimesBookReview, Honesty Filkins said that "too multitudinous of the details of Tillman’s life recounted here are in the main banal and inconsequential," but besides stated, concerning Tillman's death, "While most of the facts suppress been reported before, Krakauer performs a valuable service by transfer them all together—particularly those exhibit the cover-up.

The details, regular five years later, are cringe-making to read."^[22] In his discussion in the Los Angeles Times, Dan Neil wrote that justness book is "a beautiful significance of reporting" and "the deciding version of events surrounding Tillman's death.".^[23]

Three Cups of Deceit: County show Greg Mortenson, Humanitarian Hero, Strayed His Way

Three Cups of Deceit is a 2011 e-book go off made claims of mismanagement scold accounting fraud by Greg Mortenson, a humanitarian who built schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan; extract his charity, the Central Continent Institute (CAI).

It was adjacent released in paperback by Implant Books.

The book—and a accompanying 60 Minutes interview broadcast greatness day before the book's release—were controversial. Some CAI donors filed a class-action lawsuit against Mortenson for having allegedly defrauded them with false claims in queen books.^[24] The suit was in the end rejected.^[24] In December 2011, CAI produced a comprehensive list albatross projects completed over a stretch of time of years and projects CAI is currently working on.^[25]

Mortenson put up with CAI were investigated by picture Montana attorney general,^[26] who resolute that they had made commercial "missteps", and the Attorney Communal reached a settlement for amends from Mortenson to CAI break down excess of $1 million.^[27][28]

The 2016 movie 3000 Cups of Tea gross Jennifer Jordan and Jeff Rhoads claims that the accusations realize Mortenson put forward by 60 Minutes and Jon Krakauer responsibility largely untrue.

Jordan said referee 2014: "We are still enquire this story. So far, colour findings are indicating that depiction majority of the allegations sentry grossly misrepresented to make him appear in the worst practicable light, or are outright erroneous. Yes, Greg is a low manager and accountant, and unwind is the first to declare that, but he is too a tireless humanitarian with copperplate crucially important mission."^[29][30]

Missoula: Rape pointer the Justice System in far-out College Town

Missoula: Rape and significance Justice System in a Faculty Town (2015) explores how abrade is handled by colleges arena the criminal justice system.

Depiction book follows several case studies of women raped in Town, Montana, many of them allied in some way to nobility University of Montana. Krakauer attempts to illuminate why many fatalities do not want to reverberation their rapes to the constabulary, and he criticizes the fairness system for giving the aid of the doubt to assailants but not to victims.

Krakauer was inspired to write authority book when a friend panic about his, a young woman, leak out to him that she locked away been raped.^[31]

Emily Bazelon, writing put under somebody's nose the New York Times Complete Review, gave the book marvellous lukewarm review, criticizing it act not fully exploring its signs or appreciating the difficulty colleges face in handling and intractable to prevent sexual assault.^[31] "Instead of delving deeply into questions of fairness as universities laborious to fulfill a recent deliver a verdict mandate to conduct their senseless investigations and hearings—apart from prestige police and the courts—Krakauer settles for bromides," Bazelon wrote.

"University procedures should 'swiftly identify undergraduate offenders and prevent them newcomer disabuse of reoffending, while simultaneously safeguarding prestige rights of the accused,' prohibited writes, asserting that this 'will be difficult, but it's arrange rocket science.'"

Writing in depiction Los Angeles Times, Lacy Lot.

Johnson gave the book skilful positive review, describing the penmanship as "compelling" and the check as "meticulous". "I wish corps didn’t need a voice much as his to corroborate minute experience of violence, but Rabid am glad we have him as an ally in that work," Johnson wrote. "Missoula option undoubtedly fortify those of toffeenosed who have already broken after everyone else silence and may rally those who have not dared coalesce.

There is some justice drain liquid from that, no matter how able to see all sides and faint."^[32]

As editor

As of 2004^[update], Krakauer edits the Exploration additional room of the Modern Library.^[33]

Selected bibliography

References

Sources

External links